Journal of Emerging Technologies in Web Intelligence, Vol 4, No 2 (2012), 142-147, May 2012
doi:10.4304/jetwi.4.2.142-147

Adaptive FEC Technique for Multimedia Applications Over the Internet

Mohammad AL-Rousan, Ahamd Nawasrah

Abstract


Forward Error Correction (FEC) is a common technique for transmitting multimedia streams over the Internet. In this paper we propose a new approach of adaptive FEC scheme for multimedia applications over the Internet. This adaptive FEC will optimize the redundancy of the generated codewords from a Reed-Solomon (RS) encoder, in–order to save the bandwidth of the channel. The adaptation of the FEC scheme is based on predefined probability equations, which are derived from the data loss rates related to the recovery rates at the clients. The server uses the RTCP reports from clients and the probability equations to approximate the final delivery ratio of the sent packets to the client after applying the adaptive FEC. The server uses the RTCP reports also to predict the next network loss rate using curve fitting technique to generate the optimized redundancy in-order to meet certain residual error rates at the clients.


Keywords


Forward Error Correction (FEC), Reed-Solomon coder, network loss prediction, redundant bandwidth optimization

References


Chih-Heng Ke, Rung-Shiang Cheng2, Chen-Da Tsai, and Ming-Fong Tsai, "Bandwidth Aggregation with Path InterleavingForward Error Correction Mechanism for Delay-Sensitive Video Streaming in Wireless Multipath Environments", Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 1-9 (2010).

Tsai, M.-F., Shieh, C.-K., Hwang, W.-S. and Deng, D.-J., “An AdaptiveMulti-Hop FEC Protection Scheme for Enhancing the QoS of Video Streaming Transmission overWireless Mesh Networks,” International Journal of Communication Systems, Vol. 22, pp.12971318 (2009).

Edward Au, Francesco Caggioni, and Jeff, Hutchins, "Core Optics100G Forward Error Correctio", White Paper, 2010, www.oifforum.com, accessed June 21, 2011.

Chan S., Zheng X., Zhang Q., Zhu W., Zhang Y., “Video Loss Recovery with FEC and Stream Replication”, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, VOL. 8, NO. 2, April 2006.

Chang P., Lin C., Wu M., “Design of Multimedia CDMA for 3-D Stereoscopic Video over Wireless ATM Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, VOL. 49, NO. 2, March 2000.

Lacan J., V. Roca, J. Peltotalo, S. Peltotalo, “Reed-Solomon Forward Error Correction (FEC)”, draft-ietf-rmt-bb-fec-rs-01.txt, (work in progress) , June 2006.

Luby M., Vicisano L., Gemmell J., Rizzo L., Handley M., Crowcroft J. “The Use of Forward Error Correction (FEC) in Reliable Multicast”, RFC 3453, December 2002

Mathews J.H., “Numerical Methods for Computer Science, Engineering and Mathematics”, 1st Edition, ISBN 0-13-626565-0.

Mizuochi T., “Recent Progress in Forward Error Correction and Its Interplay With Transmission Impairments”, IEEE Journals, VOL. 12, NO. 4, July/August 2006.

Moore A.W., “Probability Density in Data Mining”, Carnegie Mellon University.

Moore A.W., “Probabilistic and Bayesian Analytics”, Carnegie Mellon University.

Nonnenmacher J., Biersack E., Towsley D., “Parity-Based Loss Recovery for Reliable Multicast Transmission”, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, VOL. 6, NO. 4, August 1998.

Parthasarathy V., Modistino J., Vastola K. S., “Reliable Transmission of High-Quality Video over ATM Networks”, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, VOL. 8, NO. 3, March 1999.

Perkins C., Hodson O., Hardman Y., “A Survey of Packet Loss Recovery Techniques for Streaming Audio”, University College London, IEEE Network, September 1998.

Song L., Yu M., Shaffer M., “10 and 40 Gbs Forward Error Correction Devices for Optical Communications”, IEEE Journals of Solid State Circuits, VOL. 37, NO. 11, November 2002.

Yang X., Zhu C., Li Z., Lin X, Ling N., “An Unequal Packet Loss Resilience Scheme for Video Over the Internet”, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, VOL. 7, NO. 4, August 20.


Full Text: PDF


Journal of Emerging Technologies in Web Intelligence (JETWI, ISSN 1798-0461)

Copyright @ 2006-2013 by ACADEMY PUBLISHER – All rights reserved.